Fatwa No : 83874
The ruling concerning a specific case of a grandfather gifting a house to his granddaughters. Ask ChatGPT

The ruling concerning a specific case of a grandfather gifting a house to his granddaughters. Ask ChatGPT

What do the respected Muftis say regarding the following issue that a man named Muhammad Akram divorced his wife and left the house. The reason for the divorce was that his wife only gave birth to daughters and not sons. They had several daughters. After this, the girls’ paternal grandfather (the father of Muhammad Akram) gifted a plot of land to those granddaughters and their mother. They then built a house on that plot for themselves and began living in it. Approximately fifteen years later, after the girls’ grandfather had passed away, Muhammad Akram returned and is now claiming that the house belongs to him. His reasoning is that the property originally belonged to his father, and after his father’s death, it should now belong to him. Is this claim valid? Kindly provide an answer in light of the noble Shariah.

الجوابُ حامِدا ًو مُصلیِّا ً

If the late grandfather of the mentioned girls had gifted the plot to them and had also formally handed over full ownership and possession, as is evident from the question and if, upon dividing it, the plot would no longer remain usable, then such a gift is also valid according to Islamic law. The said woman and her daughters are the rightful owners of that plot and its construction. Therefore, the ex-husband’s claim over it is unfounded, and he is obliged to refrain from making such a false claim. Otherwise, above mentioned woman is entitled to take legal action against her former husband.

مأخَذُ الفَتوی

كما في الدر المختار: (وتتم) الهبة (بالقبض) الكامل (ولو الموهوب شاغلا لملك الواهب لا مشغولا به) والأصل أن الموهوب إن مشغولا بملك الواهب منع تمامها، (5/ 690)۔
و في حاشية ابن عابدين (رد المحتار): (قوله: بالقبض الكامل) وكل الموهوب له رجلين بقبض الدار فقبضاها جاز خانية اھ(5/ 690)۔
و في بدائع الصنائع في ترتيب الشرائع: ولو وهب شيئا ينقسم من رجلين كالدار والدراهم والدنانير ونحوها وقبضاه لم يجز عند أبي حنيفة وجاز عند أبي يوسف ومحمد وأجمعوا على أنه لو وهب رجلان من واحد شيئا ينقسم وقبضه أنه يجوز فأبو حنيفة يعتبر الشيوع عند القبض وهما يعتبرانه عند العقد والقبض جميعا فلم يجوز أبو حنيفة هبة الواحد من اثنين لوجود الشياع وقت القبض وهما جوزاها لأنه لم يوجد الشياع في الحالين بل وجد أحدهما دون الآخر وجوزوا هبة الاثنين من واحد. (إلى قوله ) هذا إذا وهب من رجلين شيئا مما يقسم فإن كان مما لا يقسم جاز بالإجماع لما ذكرنا فيما تقدم اھ (6/ 121)۔