Fatwa No : 88733
Ruling on Disinheriting Disobedient Children from One’s Property

Ruling on Disinheriting Disobedient Children from One’s Property

Request for Fatwa! I, Muhammad Asghar, seek a fatwa regarding the following matter: I have three sons: Muhammad Idrees, Muhammad Imran, and Muhammad Aamir. Muhammad Aamir passed away due to drug addiction. My eldest son, Muhammad Idrees, practices black magic. I gave my eldest son his share from the property, and I have four daughters to whom I have not given any share. I had a house which I transferred to my eldest son; he sold it and spent the money. His children give him money, but he does not give me anything, nor does he support me financially. I survive by begging, and when I sleep in his house, he threatens to kill me. He roams around with an immoral woman. Now I have nothing left, and I cannot give him any more share because I myself have no money even for food. Please provide a fatwa that I can present in court so that I may get back the value of my house which he sold — its price was 18 lakh rupees. He says to me, “What is a father worth?”
(Note): My son (Muhammad Imran) has demanded his own share.

الجوابُ حامِدا ًو مُصلیِّا ً

It should be clear that for a gift (hibah) to be complete, it is necessary that the donor formally hand over the gifted property with full ownership possession and the right of disposal. Merely transferring something “in someone’s name” does not make that person its owner. Therefore, if the questioner had indeed gifted the mentioned house to his son and had also given him full possession and ownership rights, after which the son sold it of his own will and took the money, then the questioner no longer has the right to demand that house back or claim its price. However, the behaviour of the eldest son (Muhammad Idrees) — refusing to provide his father residence in his home and giving him threats of murder — as well as the behaviour of the other son (Muhammad Imran), who, despite knowing his father’s financial condition, is forcing and pressuring him to give him a share, is extremely tragic and condemnable. Both of them must immediately review their conduct, seek forgiveness from their father with humility, sincerely repent to Allah for the sins they have committed, and firmly avoid such actions in the future. They should instead become a support for their father and consider serving him a source of blessing and spiritual fortune.

مأخَذُ الفَتوی

کماقال تعالی : و قضی ربک ألا تعبدوا إلا إیاہ و بالوایدین إحساناً إما یبلغن عندک الکبر أحدھما أو کلاھما فلا تقل لھما أف و لا تنھرھما و قل لھما قولاً کریماً ألآیۃ 23 ، سورۃ بنی إسرئیل )۔
و فی أحکام القرآن للجصاص :و قضی ربک ألا تعبدو إلا إیاہ الخ و قضی ربک أمر ربک و أمر بالوالدین إحسانًا و المعنی واحد لأن الوصیۃ أمر و قد أوصی اللہ تعالی ببر الوالد و الإحسان لھما فی غیر موضع من کتابہ ( إلی قولہ ) فأمر بمصاحبۃ الوالدین المشرکن بالمعروف مع النھی عن طاعتھما فی الشرک لأنہ لا طاعۃ لمخلوق فی معصیۃ الخالق(الی قولہ) (و لا تنھرھما ) معناہ لا تزجرھما علی وجہ الإستخفاف بھما و الاغلاظ لھما الخ (ج: 3 ، ص: 196 ، ط: سہیل اکیڈمی)۔
و فی صحیح البخاری: عن عبدالرحمان بن أبی بکرۃ عن أبیہ قال قال رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ و سلم ألآ أنبئکم باکبر الکبائر قلنا بلی یا رسول اللہ فقال ألإشراک باللہ و عقوق الوالدین الخ ( باب عقوق الوالدین ج : 4 ،ص :2666 ،ط: بشری )۔
و فی شرح المجلۃ: تنعقد الھبۃ بالإیجاب و القبول و تتم باالقبض الخ ( ج: 4، ص: 344، ط: ادارۃ القران و العلوم الإسلامیۃ )۔
وفی الدر: (يعبر به عن الكل كوهبت لك فرجها وجعلته لك) لأن اللام للتمليك بخلاف جعلته باسمك فإنه ليس بهبة وكذا هي لك حلال إلا أن يكون قبله كلام يفيد الهبة الخ۔کتاب الھبۃ، ج: 5، ص: 688، ط: سعید)۔