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Investing capital in a business and receiving a forty percent profit.

Financial Transactions,Company and speculation,Investing capital in a business and receiving a forty percent profit.

Fatwa No :
81785
| Date :
0000-00-00
معاملات / مالی معاوضات / شرکت و مضاربت

Investing capital in a business and receiving a forty percent profit.

What do the respected muftis say about the following issue that man is running a business and he owns a clothing shop. Now I wish to become a partner in his business. I am giving him 700,000 rupees, and he says that whatever profit is earned, I will give you 40 percent of it. Is it permissible to make such an arrangement, and is giving this amount of profit allowed in Shariah?

الجوابُ حامِدا ًو مُصلیِّا ً

If the questioner also shares the losses of the business in proportion to his investment, then it is Islamically lawful and valid for him to invest capital in the businessman’s enterprise and receive forty percent of the profit, provided that his share of the profit does not exceed the proportion of his investment.

مأخَذُ الفَتوی

كما في الدر المختار: وإن تفاوتت قيمتهما والربح على ما شرطا (و) مع (عدم الخلط) لاستناد الشركة في الربح: إلى العقد لا المال اھ (4/ 313)۔
وفي حاشية ابن عابدين؛ (قوله: وإن تفاوتت قيمتهما) راجع لخلاف الجنس والوصف، واحترز به عن المفاوضة فإنه لا بد فيها من تساوي القيمة فيهما في ظاهر الرواية كما في البحر فافهم (قوله: والربح على ما شرطا) أي من كونه بقدر رأس المال أو لا لكنه محمول على ما علمته من التفصيل المار، وأعاده مع قوله مع التفاصيل في المال دون الربح للتصريح بأن هذا الشرط صحيح فافهم، نعم ذكره بين المتعاطفات غير مناسب، وقيد بالربح؛ لأن الوضيعة على قدر المال وإن شرطا غير ذلك كما في الملتقى وغيره (قوله: ومع عدم الخلط) فيه إشعار بأن المفاوضة يشترط فيها الخلط، وهذا قياس. (4/ 313)۔
وفى الفتاوى الهندية: اشتركا فجاء أحدهما بألف والآخر بألفين على أن الربح والوضيعة نصفان فالعقد جائز والشرط في حق الوضيعة باطل فإن عملا وربحا فالربح على ما شرطا وإن خسرا فالخسران على قدر رأس مالهما كذا في محيط السرخسي اھ (2/ 320) -

And Allah knows best
ابراہیم محمود عُفی عنه
دار الافتاء جامعه بنوریه عالمیه

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