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The ruling on giving an animal on a half-share basis

Financial Transactions,Company and speculation,The ruling on giving an animal on a half-share basis

Fatwa No :
82582
| Date :
0000-00-00
معاملات / مالی معاوضات / شرکت و مضاربت

The ruling on giving an animal on a half-share basis

What do the respected Muftis say about the following issues:
First Scenario:Zaid bought a goat for 2000 and handed it over to Khalid, telling him to raise it at his own expense. He said that when the goat is sold, the original purchase price will be taken out, and the profit will be shared equally. Now, after two years, the goat’s price has become 4000. The goat was sold, Zaid took his original 2000 back, and the remaining 2000 was split equally between them (i.e., half and half). Is this arrangement permissible or not? If not, then what is the reason for its impermissibility?
Second Scenario: A man gave his goat to someone and said, “Raise this goat at your own expense. When we sell it, we will divide both the original price and the profit equally.” Now, after three years, the goat was sold for 4000 rupees, and the owner and the caretaker divided the entire amount equally without first deducting the original price. Is this arrangement permissible or not?

الجوابُ حامِدا ًو مُصلیِّا ً

Due to the wage being undefined, both of the mentioned scenarios fall under Ijarah Fasidah (a corrupt or invalid lease/hiring contract), which is not permissible according to Shari’ah. Therefore, it is necessary to avoid conducting transactions in this manner. However, if the shepherd is made a partner in the goat (or similar animal), for example, given a half share, and then upon sale, the profit is distributed between them according to the agreed upon shares, then this is undoubtedly permissible and this is the proper way to do it.

مأخَذُ الفَتوی

کمافي الفتاوى الھندية: دفع بقرة إلى رجل على أن يعلفها وما يكون من اللبن والسمن بينهما أنصافا فالإجارة فاسدة (إلی قوله) والحيلة في جوازه أن يبيع نصف البقرة منه بثمن ويبرئه عنه ثم يأمر باتخاذ اللبن و السمن فيكون بينهما اھ (4/ 445)
وفي المبسوط للسرخسي؛ ولو دفع إليه غنمه يرعاها على أن أجره ألبانها وأصوافها فهو فاسد لأنه مجهول وإعلام الأجر لا بد منه لصحة الإجارة اھ (15/ 297)۔
وفي الفتاوى الهندية: وعلى هذا إذا دفع البقرة إلى إنسان بالعلف ليكون الحادث بينهما نصفين فما حدث فهو لصاحب البقرة ولذلك الرجل مثل العلف الذي علفها وأجر مثله فيما قام عليها وعلى هذا إذا دفع دجاجة إلى رجل بالعلف ليكون البيض بينهما نصفين والحيلة في ذلك أن يبيع نصف البقرة من ذلك الرجل ونصف الدجاجة ونصف بذر الفليق بثمن معلوم حتى تصير البقرة وأجناسها مشتركة بينهما فيكون الحادث منها على الشركة كذا في الظهيرية اھ (2/ 335)۔

And Allah knows best
Darulifta Jamia Binoria Aalamia

Fatwa No 82582 Verify Now
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