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Claiming the Amount from the Guarantor

Financial Transactions,Buying and Selling,Claiming the Amount from the Guarantor

Fatwa No :
88019
| Date :
2025-10-19
معاملات / مالی معاوضات / خرید و فروخت

Claiming the Amount from the Guarantor

A man sold medicine on someone’s guarantee. The person who took it is delaying payment, claiming that the medicine was spoiled. The seller also has a business relationship with the guarantor. They buy cotton in the market. What is the ruling in this case?

الجوابُ حامِدا ًو مُصلیِّا ً

In the given scenario, if there is no defect in the medicine provided by the complainant and the buyer is unable to prove any defect, then the buyer is obliged to pay the agreed-upon price. It is not permissible for the buyer to delay payment without a valid reason. However, if the buyer is delaying payment without justification, the seller may claim the amount from the guarantor who acted as an intermediary, and the guarantor will be obliged to make the payment.

مأخَذُ الفَتوی

كما في الدر المختار: (وإذا وجدا لزم البيع) بلا خيار إلا لعيب أو رؤية (كتاب البيوع، ج: 4، ص: 528، ط: ايج ايم سعيد)
وفي الدر المختار أيضا: (ادعى عيبا) موجبا لفسخ أو حط ثمن (بعد قبضه المبيع لم يجبر) المشتري (على دفع الثمن) للبائع (بل يبرهن) المشتري لإثبات العيب (أو يحلف بائعه) على نفيه ويدفع الثمن إن لم يكن شهود (باب خيار العيب، ج: 5، ص: 28-29، ط: ايج ايم سعيد)
وفي الهداية: قال: "ومن اشترى عبدا فقبضه فادعى عيبا لم يجبر على دفع الثمن حتى يحلف البائع أو يقيم المشتري بينة" لأنه أنكر وجوب دفع الثمن حيث أنكر تعين حقه بدعوى العيب، ودفع الثمن أولا ليتعين حقه بإزاء تعين المبيع؛ ولأنه لو قضي بالدفع فلعله يظهر العيب فينتقض القضاء فلا يقضي به صونا لقضائه (باب خيار العيب، ج: 3، ص: 46، ط: مكتبة رحمانية)
وفي الدر المختار: (وحكمها لزوم المطالبة على الكفيل) بما هو على الأصيل نفسا أو مالا. وفي رد المحتار تحت (قوله: وحكمها لزوم المطالبة على الكفيل) أي ثبوت حق المطالبة متى شاء الطالب، سواء تعذر عليه مطالبة الأصيل أو لا فتح. وذكر في الكفاية أن اختيار الطالب تضمين أحدهما لا يوجب براءة الآخر ما لم توجد حقيقة الاستيفاء فلذا يملك مطالبة كل منهما. (كتاب الكفالة، ج: 5، ص: 284، ط: ايج ايم سعيد)
وفي الهداية: قال: "‌والمكفول ‌له ‌بالخيار إن شاء طالب الذي عليه الأصل وإن شاء طالب كفيله" لأن الكفالة ضم الذمة إلى الذمة في المطالبة وذلك يقتضي قيام الأول لا البراءة عنه، (كتاب الكفالة، ج: 3، ص: 122، ط: مكتبة رحمانية)

And Allah knows best
قاضی محمد اللہ عُفی عنه
دار الافتاء جامعه بنوریه عالمیه

Fatwa No 88019 Verify Now
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